Thomas w



(No Model.)

T. W. GRAYDON.

LAMP.

No. 270,420. Patented Jan. 9,1883.

HNTTED STATES PATENT EETCE.,

THOMAS' vNV. GRAYDON, 0F CINCINNATI, GHIO.

LANIP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,420, dated January 9, 1883.

Application filed November 9, 1882. (No model.) A

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS W.'GRAYDON,`

a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Cincinnati, Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Lamps, ot' which the following is a specitication.

My invention relates to that class ot' lamps for burning carbon7 or coal oils, usually known as German student-lamps,77 its object being to improve theconstruction and etliciency and economize their cost ot' manufacture; and to this end it consists in the construction and provision of a frame connecting the oil-reservoir and wick-tube, in the construction and arrangement of the wick-holding devices and regulating mechanism, and other features, as more fully hereinafter described, and as illustrated in the drawings, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of my improved lamp com plete, with the oil-reservoirpartly sectioned. 4Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the wallbracket, showing the lamp in position thereon. Fig. 3 is an axial section ofthe wick-tube and wick-carrier with elevating devices in position. Fig. 4 exhibits front and rear elevations ofthe wick-carrier detached, showing the guide and rack,respectivel,v; Fig. 5, a rear View ot' the wick-tube and wick-regulating mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, in which the parts described are indicated by letters of reference, A designates the oil-reservoir; B, the wicktube, and C the oil-pipe, which in my improved lamp constitutes part of the frame connecting the two and supporting the lamp upon the standard, as more fully hereinafter described.4

D is the standard by which the lamp is supported and carried from place to place.

The oil-reservoir A is of substantially the usual constructionthat is, cylindrical, with a removable oil-cup perforated atthe bottom, and provided with a stem-valve, a, covering the aperture and operating in the usual manner, to be opened by the insertion ot' the oil-cup, inverted, into the reservoir. It is a common practice in such lamps to connect the reservoir A and wick-tube B by'a straight metal tube enlarged midway for the passage ofthe standard D through a suitably-formed collar. It is obvious that this construction, besides being objectionable in point ot artistic design, also atords au insucient lateral support to the the standard an arm, c2, projects rearward beheath and as a support to the oil-reservoir,

and in front of the standard the drip-cup c3 is projected forward as an arm of the frame benenth the wick'tube. The collar c is provided with the usual setlscrew for retaining the lamp at a desired elevation upon the standard. j

As thus constructed it will be seen that the principal parts of the lamp are securely connected b v a frame of sui'cient depth to have a long bearing (or two bearings at a considerable distance apart) upon the standard, and also to afford secure lateral and vertical support to the wick-tube and oil-reservoir, all of which is accomplished without forming` any greater or perhaps less of an obstruction to the downward-reflected rays of light than the ordinary construction. A further connection of the frame with the wick-tube will be referredv to in connection with the \vick-elevating devices.

The wick-tube b is annular, closed at the bottom, excepting at the connection with the tube C, and wholly open at the top, with acentral opening extending vertically throughout.

The wick is carriedv upon an open cylinder, b, of sheet metal, itting around the inner cylindrical wall ofthe annular wick-tube. At one side of the wick-carrier is a line of cog-teeth, b', constituting a rack l'or the elevation and depression ot' the carrier by direct application of a spur-pinion, p, mounted upon a shat't, s, provided with a thumb-wheel, as is usual. At the side of the wick-carrier b opposite the rack b' is a vertical slot, b2, which guides the carrier upon a pin. w, projecting radially from the inner wall of the annular wirk-tube, and assists the proper adjustment ot' the carrier when placed in position after removal. At

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the bottom ofthe carrier are soldered downwardlyprojecting pins b3, upon which the wick is secured at the lower end.

The wick used may be either a continuous cylindrical wick split in an axial flame a sufficient distance upward from the bottom to straddle the slot b2 at one side and the rack b at the other, or two flat wicks placed edge to edge around the carrier and secured thereto by threads placed around thc same above the rack and slot. In either case the wick is secured by the pins b3 at the lower ends by drawing it upward over and upon the pins.

The pinion-shaft is mounted in two pillowblocks or abutments, d, soldered or otherwise secured exteriorly to the wick-tube at the sides of a suitable opening, 0. The pinion p is secured to the shaft between the abutments, and operates upon the rack ot' the carrier through the openingof the wick-tube. A tight casing, e, is then soldered or secured upon the wick-tube coveringr the shaft-bearings and pinion, with the shaft projecting' through lthe same at one side, between which side and the adjacent shaft-abutment, and embracing the shaft, is placed a washer, to, of leather or other suitable material to constitute a packing against possibleleakage. The casing e thus described, when soldered to its position, fills in the angle between the upper curved portion of the connectingframe and the wick-tube B, and thus practically constitutes part of the frame and extends the rigid connection ofthe wick-tube therewith through a considerable part of its length, and assists the strength and security ofthe connection between the oil-reservoir and wick-tube.

The entire frame connecting the oilreser voir and wicktube may be cast as one piece, leaving` the oil-pipe C and pinion-casing c to be afterward attached thereto or inserted therein orit may include these parts as well; or the frame may be made up ot' various parts, according to convenience, and afterward soldered or otherwise secured together and to the reservoir and wicktnhe, constituting, when so attached, a substantially-continuous slipporting-frame, as. described.

The standard D is ofthe usual construction, being preferably a metal rod secured in a solid or weighted base, by which the entire lamp is supported. The lamp may, however, be removed from the portable standard and mounted upon the wallbracket shown in Fig. 2, with Standard D'.

I am aware that the application of a rack and pinion, broadly, is not new in Argand lamps; but the application usually involves a tongue-rack depending from the wick-carrier, which, besides being generally defective in 0peration, also (as in the case ofthe spiral-screw elevator) involves an extension of the wicktube downward or the construction of a separate chamber, all of which is expensive and troublesome to make or use. By the direct application ot' these devices in the manner herein described and shown, I obtain a more accurate adjustment ot' the wick, besides a much simpler and less expensive construction of the parts, which are also far less likely to get out of order in use.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. In a student-laml') ol' the character dcscribed, a frame connecting the oil-reservoir and wick-tube, having an extension vertically to give a long bearing upon the supportingstandard and side and bottom bearings upon the wick-tube and oil-reservoir, substantially as specified.

2. In a student-lamp of the kind described, the tube C as part of the frame connecting the reservoir and oil-tube, provided with extensions c c2 c3, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In combination with the annular wick tube ot' an Argand lamp-burner, a cylindrical wick-carrier carryinga wick secured exterior-ly thereto, adapted to embrace and be guided upon the inner shell ofthe wick-tube, and provided with a rack secured directly to said carrier, and arranged to be operated vertically by a pinion operating through the outer wall ofthe wick-tube, as set forth.

4. In combination with the annular wicktube B, the open cylinder l), fitting upon the inner shell of the wick-tube, provided with a rack, b, for the operation of the elevating pinion, and a vertical slot, b2, for guiding upon a pin projecting radially from the inner shell of the wick-tube, and adapted to carry a circular wick secured upon said carrier exte rior-ly, substantially as Set forth.

5. In an Argand lamp-burner, a cylindrical wick-carrier provided with pins or pointed extensions of its lower edge, approximately parallel to its axis for holding the wick, substan tially as set forth.

6. The casing @covering the pinioup and its bearings, and arranged as part of the support ing-frame to give additional lateral support to the wick-tube B, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereofl have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS XV. GRAYDON.

Witnesses:

L. M. HosEA, CHAs. LEIMANN.

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